The Evolution of Appendicular Muscles During the Fin-to-Limb Transition: Possible Insights Through Studies of Soft Tissues, a Perspective

The evolution of the appendages during fin-to-limb transition has been extensively studied, yet majority studies focused on skeleton and fossil record. Whereas anatomy appendicular musculature changes in muscular architecture remain largely unstudied, may provide important new insights. is associated with appearance a mode locomotion shift from pectoral to pelvic dominance. Here, we propose ways investigate this question review data muscle mass muscles extant vertebrates. We explore whether appendage type are relative investment different groups. These preliminary show general increase body transition. locomotor suggested occur appears supported by our since “fish” fins heavier than fins, whereas tetrapods, forelimb less developed hind limb muscles. Finally, groups an contribution superficial tetrapods compared take place. Our study highlights potential investigating quantitative features muscles, also demonstrates lack allowing test these ideas.